2.动词:They were obviously quite impressed by the arguments that the Chinese were advancing.他们对中国人提出的(×正在前进)这种论点显然颇为赞同。
to advance作不及物动词用是“come or go forward“前进”,在这里作及物动词用是“put forward“提出”,宾语是arguments,应译为“提出论点”,that the Chinese were advancing是arguments的定语从句,而不是它的同位语从句。
3.副词:The basketball team was organized two years ago and it has yet to win a single game.这个篮球队两年前成立,还没赢过(×还得赢)一次比赛。
这里yet与不定式连用,含有“到目前为止还没有做某事”的意义。
虚词虽没有实际意义,在句中不能独立担任任何成分,可是由于误解虚词而引起的误译却也不少。
4.冠词:Awoman with child goton the bus.一位孕妇(×妇女带着一个小孩)上了公共汽车。
a woman with a child一位妇女带着一个小孩。
5.连词:And I do not know whether the sun will rot or dry what is left,so I had better eat it all although I am not hungry.